Maize seed germination rate low is what reason
1. The seed production of maturity
Professional theory from seed, seed germination rate was positively correlated with seed production itself, good seed after ripening, maturity is high, the germination rate and germination potential is high.Maize seed in high altitude region in our country, corn fertility in mid and late grouting temperature starts to drop, can't adapt to the normal mature seeds enough light and effective accumulated temperature, leads to the seed maturity, quite a part of the ear not mature well dehydrated, as field with a kind of germination rate is insufficient.
2. Crop diseases, insect pests
Maize seed parent combination, the individual inbred lines of diseases and pests resistance is poor, susceptible hybrid maize ear rot, big spot, the harm of corn borer, indiscriminate seed harvest with normal appearance, and warehouse storage for a period of time due to corruption corruption of grains per ear infection, germination percentage decreased obviously.
3. The influence of seed moisture content
Seed moisture content are the key factors influencing the germination rate.Seed corn harvest time average moisture content between 20 ~ 30%, if the air basks in improper time method, it is easy to cause "wu" or "frozen".Generally after harvest spread out in the sunshine bask in 10 ~ 15 days.Frequently and to turn over a few times during drying, rainy day to film covering, stay when seed embryo of hard water content (13%) can be put in ventilated dry place.Is the main reason of the corn seed mildew occurred after harvest moisture accumulation under the condition of high fever, the rule is the higher moisture, reactor temperature rise faster, germination rate reduced more quickly.We adopt stem scalping technology in recent years, promote water evaporation and weathering.Promote the ripening, reduce moisture, has good effect to improve seed germination rate.
4. The influence of the temperature of the outside world
Corn seeds to germinate in 10 ~ 12 ℃ above, in the grain filling stage temperature is not higher than 25 ℃, no less than 16 ℃, seed frost damage is the main reason of the low temperature, the rule is the higher moisture content, low temperature, the longer the duration of germination rate reduced more quickly.
5. Mechanical threshing
Seed mechanical threshing whether too high or too low moisture, threshing are easily hurt when grain embryo caused abnormal seedlings increased, affect the seed germination rate.
6. The influence of seed vigor
Corn seeds in the process of storage, storage time exceeds a certain fixed number of year, the seeds in the process of respiration metabolism, the steady accumulation of toxic substances, and the loss of nutrients are gradually reduced seed vigor, seed vigor will gradually weaken, to disappear completely, thus reduce the seed germination rate.
Maize seed germination rate low how to prevent
1. Adjust measures to local conditions
Appropriate, due to varieties of corn hybrid seed production work, we must give full consideration to the local resources of field, select the appropriate seed production base.To timely earlier planting corn hybrid seed production work, to promote early maturity maize seeds.Technology can adopt the method of mulch maize seed, can be in the later at the same time, the temperature change, adopt cut male parent and remove methods of female parent spike on the part of the blade, increase lighting, ventilation, promote the mature seeds.
2. Strengthen field management
According to various periods of corn growth, irrigation fertilization.Strengthen the water management, strengthen the management during the period of maturity, in particular, to grasp the grouting water, make it not only ensure the corn seed filling the required moisture, prevent TanQing or late again, cause harvest moisture content is too high.Can also be late in the corn, adopt stem scalping technology, promote the seed cooked quickly after dehydration, the effect is very obvious.
3. Strengthen the breeding technology innovation
Touch bract at present stage is not only guarantee the purity of maize hybrid tasseling and effective technical measures to improve the seed yield, promote touch bract tasseling technology can effectively reduce the loss of plant nutrients, and promote its nutrient transfer to the ear, to promote female parent female spike early silking, can be conducive to promoting precocious seeds in the seed production
