1 the causes of hot pepper "three"
The main reason for the 1.1 chili leaves
1.1.1 leaves caused by the temperature is too low For chili is shallow root crops, its roots are mainly distributed in 15 cm in the topsoil, vulnerable to the influence of the soil is warm.If lose their leaves in seedling stage, is the growth of root system and how is temperature is too low, especially below 18 ℃ root physiological function drops, 8 ℃ root stop growing, the plant is in not living state;Combined with the soil is too dry, root water absorption is blocked, or points seedling root damage caused, root system can't satisfy the need of blades of inorganic nutrients and water, lead to falling leaves.
1.1.2 density, illumination caused by fallen leaves Too close, sowing plants crowding, nutrition area is small, the lack of light or it's too late to apologize, carries on the photosynthesis can cause plant can not be normal, the leaf etiolation fall off.
1.1.3 fertilizer, management caused by the lack of fertilizer is used or not rotten leaves of organic fertilizer, burn caused by root, root function damaged nutrient shortage, nutrition supply, the late lead to falling leaves;Management of weeds, plant branch too much, not in time for each other nutrients, causing poor ventilation pervious to light will cause leaf etiolation fall off.
1.1.4 leaves had the greatest influence on leaf function caused by plant diseases and insect pests, lead to falling leaves necrotic viral disease is the most serious diseases and powdery mildew;Necrotizing necrosis virus disease bald tip virus can make the growing point, along the veins large areas of necrosis and shedding blade;If poorly ventilated humidity temperature is high, easy to powdery mildew, leaf gradually formed on the back of the yellow or brown ring dead spot, serious when can cause leaf loss;Mites and the harm of aphids can also cause a pepper leaves.
The main reason for the 1.2 chili fallen petal, fruit drop Before, during and after the chili in blossom because of mismanagement, poor environmental conditions affect and harm of diseases and pests, all can lead to disorders of plant physiological activities, affecting the normal of the flower bud differentiation, caused the fallen petal fruit drop.
1.2.1. When the temperature below 15 ℃, plant is easy to form short styles, although can blossom, but not craze, anther couldn't shed pollen, the pollination process and elongation of the pollen tube is blocked, root system easy to burn when Mark Twain above 30 ℃, lead to falling, when the temperature above 35 ℃, cannot normal fertilization went to make chili into fruit drop.
1.2.2, such as excessive age of seedling, home or with grey, slow seedling stage due to the root system has not yet returned to normal, inorganic salt supply is insufficient, will cause the fallen petal.
1.2.3 by malnutrition, excessive or insufficient, especially nitrogen moderate growth and illumination is insufficient, the influence of such factors as branches and cause the fallen petal.
Pathogen because chili anthrax, virus disease, ring spot, scab, cotton aphids and ling worm, etc. The harm of diseases and pests, and cause the fallen petal, fruit drop.
1.2.5 plant internal causes of the fallen petal, fruit drop: when the flower organ dysplasia or has a physical defects, caused by the incomplete and fertilization, stunting formed in the process of flower bud differentiation short style more than stigma, pollen, or male and female development uncoordinated, powder too early or too late, in gametes or egg is no affinity type, etc., are not normal blossom and bear fruit.
1.2.6 damage in human and animal, also cause pepper leaves, fallen petal, and one of the reasons for fruit drop.
2. The measures of chili "three"
In view of the above reasons, combined with two years of practical experience, I can take the following measures of prevention and control of hot "three", there-fore, high-yield.
2.1.1 select disease-resistant varieties, reasonable rotation with the best solanaceae crop rotation of 2 ~ 3 years, keep clear of the sick body, and burned or buried.
Such as hybird 1, 4, shen pepper varieties such as 1 and 2.
2.1.2 breeding strong seedling and enhance anti-reversibility of seedling plants Before sowing seed disinfection treatment.Before sowing, the seed soaked with water after 6 to 12 hours, with a 1% - 1.5% copper sulfate solution soak 5-10 minutes, then remove to use a small amount of clean water, and mix with a few plant ash to rush teeth seeding.This will cure anthracnose, reduce the happening of the "three".
