1 Japanese persimmon anthracnose
1.1 it's harm and symptoms
Fruit is its major hazard area, nearly is the main part of the disease, new shoots in early June began to come on commonly, fruit sick time late, usually in late June and early July is sick time fruit, fruit disease period also can continue to harvest time;Started, needle size small dark brown to black spots formed on the surface of the fruit, after expanding of circular or elliptic, slightly concave, yellow-brown, presented is the peripheral disease spot of 1 cm in diam.In the middle of the disease spot have black spots, there are black and gray goo (conidiospore) was born in the above, cortex of disease spot is often deep below the black lump is formed inside the fruit, usually 1 disease at 1 ~ 2 fruit disease spot, sometimes dozens of the donator, murder, fruit softening is it easy to appear the phenomenon, also or will be grieved metamorphism.Disease spot in new shoots, elliptic, dark brown or black, is it more present, slightly concave surface cracking, black dots (spore layer) was born in the above, disease spot 20 mm long, 7 ~ 12 mm wide, disease spots around the new tip for a week, for ruining the lead organization, disease spot upper branches will be dry, deciduous phenomenon can cause.
1.2 prevention and control technology
Disease-free seedling is we want to select, cultivation management should be strengthened, the organic fertilizer is more, under phosphorus to NPK, less nitrogen fertilizer, moderate growth, in order to prevent the branch of the organization is not full, the decrease of disease resistance.Source of infection in the early attention to clear, in combination with DongJian branches cut off, the disease Japanese persimmon growth period, disease branch disease fruit to cut off, burned or buried.Japanese persimmon before germination, wave 5 ° Be lime sulfur agent or 30 times the 45% crystal lime sulfur mixture liquid can Be sprayed, 1:5:400 multiple bordeaux mixture is can Be sprayed in early June, 1:3:1 or 70% mancozeb 300 multiple bordeaux mixture wettable powder 400 ~ 500 times liquid, 50% benomyl wettable powder 500 times liquid, 70% methyl sulfur bacteria spirit superfine wettable powder 000 times liquid is in the middle of July, and August occurrence peak can Be well, to curb the spread of the hyphae.
2 persimmon circular spot
Area of 2.1 damage and symptoms
Leaf and stem are the main harm parts of the disease.Round small spots, hazel, positive edge is not obvious, with gray edge is back at the early stage of the disease spot condition, expanded gradually, it becomes the central is light brown, a dark brown rim.It is a circular disease spot, 0.5 ~ 6 mm in diameter, generally is about 3 mm.100 ~ 200 disease spot can be can be produced on a leaf.In the later, is sick leaves tend to be red, green and yellow halo edge of disease spot, finally the back of the small black dot will appear in the disease spot, that is the perithecia of germs.In within 5 ~ 7 d, sick leaves most fall off, leaving the persimmon fruit.Since then, the disease can infect persimmon GuoDi department, persimmon fruit gradually become red, tender, finally falls off a lot of, this kind of disease occurred in 1 year 1, 8, 9 months at the time of the multiple.
2.2 prevention and treatment.
2.2.1 leaves to clean, and then burned, eliminate the wintering pathogenic bacteria.
2.2.2 during overwintering germs ascospore mature is the mid to late June, 1:2 ~ 5:30 0 ~ 600 multiple bordeaux mixture, the spray or cloth 65% zineb wettable powder 500 times liquid spraying.
Persimmon Angle 3 spot
3.1 the symptoms
Leaves and stem is its harm, the disease causes leaves and fruit drop.Blade surface disease spot, spot and irregular yellowish green, with veins will turn black, this is the status of the early onset of illness, disease spots appear on the edge of the black, show the status of the polygon is late.
3.2 prevention and treatment
Sweep the leaves fall, the trees disease result, concentrated fire, available 1:3 5:30 ~ 0 ~ 600 multiple bordeaux mixture after out of the 20 ~ 30 d (6 ~ 7 months) can be sprayed.
4 persimmon powdery mildew
4.1 the symptoms
Blade is the site of damage, in 5 ~ 6 months, dense will appear in the leaf tip size black spots, expanding to 1 ~ 2 cm, after the last until the whole leaf.The wineries, the disease will appear on the back of the hyphae, it is white powder, also can appear conidium, yellow to dark red small grains in October will be in the flora was born.
4.2 prevention and cure:
Cleaning the fallen leaves in the fall and winter, the fire;But in the middle of June, 0.2 degrees available lime sulfur mixture, in late April and early may in 12 back spray 1:2 ~ 00 times bordeaux mixture spraying.
