1, the substrate preparation.Can choose according to conditions of coal ash, coking chaff, vermiculite, perlite, etc.Such as coal ash, coal ash after burning the fresh pathogen, including total nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium is more, also contains calcium, boron, zinc, copper and other trace elements.Bulk density, water is not easy to sprout;Coal ash density matrix, easy to carry.Note that matrix must be pounded by 5 mm mesh.Its particles mung bean size, too small bad air permeability, too hard to sow.Attention should be paid to the damping off and damping off.
2, nutrient solution preparation.Nutrient solution is made up of the compound preparation of nutrient elements, including NPK, sulfur, calcium magnesium and trace elements of iron manganese zinc copper molybdenum boron, etc.Nutrient solution formula with hundreds of, and below a kind of suitable for a variety of vegetable seedling.Its formula (compounds) in the nutrient solution is 0.411 g/l potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate 0.959 grams/liter, 0.317 grams/liter, ammonium sulfate magnesium sulfate 0.548 grams/liter, EDTA (ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid sodium iron) 0.041 g/l, boric acid 0.003 grams/liter, potassium chloride 0.027 g/l, 0.017 grams/liter, manganese sulfate zinc sulfate 0.027 g/l, 0.027 g/l ammonium molybdate, copper sulfate, 0.013 g/l.According to the concentration, dispensing with clean water.
3, nutrient solution is used.All sorts of fruit vegetable vegetables should be on seed germination and cotyledon exhibition at ordinary times, is about to start for the liquid;By heterotrophic growth to sustain growth in seedling properly in advance for the liquid in the process of transition, can guarantee the seedlings to grow.Fruit vegetables seedling, total nutrient solution concentration is good with 0.2%, less than 0.4%.Nutrient solution can replace seedling watering for fluid volume and water quantity are basically the same.Nutrient solution of the pH value is between 5.5 ~ 6.5, the pH value is greater than 7.0 when the reduced solubility of the elements such as iron, manganese, phosphorus, vegetables can't absorb, can use sulfuric acid and nitric acid to adjust;Less than 4.0, the vegetables, calcium, potassium, magnesium deficiency symptoms, growth is affected, available potassium hydroxide.
4, seeds sprouting.After careful sprouting, the matrix into seedling dish and charge weight matrix with from positions 1 centimeter advisable, planish, leveling and the nutrient solution, the treated water planting after penetration.Sowing method, after the emergence of seeds evenly sprinkled on the substrate of the seedling.
5, before the emergence of management.The seedling stage than sprouting period slightly low temperature should be 2 ~ 3 ℃, which can reduce the respiration of nutrient consumption.Management of the seedling using variable temperature, seedlings is not easy to moderate growth, while the quality is better.General thermophilic vegetables in 25 ~ 30 ℃.
6, after the emergence of management.Emergence of 7 working days after the appropriate cooling, seedbed appropriate early read not transparent cover, make seedling sufficient see light, in case of seedlings moderate growth.Seedbed shoulds not be too wet, to prevent damping off.From true Ye Lou heart to colonize, general thermophilic vegetable varieties seedlings keep in 22 to 28 ℃ during the day, 14 ~ 18 ℃ at night, and to give adequate illumination, in order to promote seedling growth.Grow after 2 true leaf can be appropriately reduced night temperature, keep in 12 ~ 14 ℃, to promote flower bud differentiation, to prevent moderate growth.
The management of 7, points before and after the seedlings.Miao can expand the area of nutrition, improve the lighting conditions, promote the root development.Points seedling in seedling growing to two or three true leaf.Points before seedling to increase the ventilation rate, appropriate cooling exercise at a young age, keep in about 20 ℃ during the day, 10 ~ 12 ℃ at night.MiaoYi choose sunny day on, the seedling to the seedbed or block are available.Points after seedling should properly increase the bed temperature, keep moisture, keep at 25 ℃ during the day, night more than 15 ℃, after 5 ~ 6 days can be slow.
8, the seedling stage management.From the three true leaf before engraftment in seedling stage.Here should be tightly insulation, sufficient daylighting.Thermophilic food keep in 22 to 28 ℃ during the day, 14 ~ 16 ℃ at night.At the same time also note to adjust temperature and humidity, strengthen seedling exercise.General fruits and vegetables in the bed temperature of 20 ~ 30 ℃, can increase the ventilation rate of seedlings.
9, the matters needing attention.Generally seedbed management process, the temperature to master projects "three low", namely the unearthed before high, high points after seedling, after excavated is low, low points before seedling, low before engraftment.In the aspect of water to do "three foot two control", namely water foot, sowing seedling water sufficient, delimit tuo water sufficient, emergence control after watering, watering seedling after controlling (the "water" here refers to the nutrient solution).
