Maize dwarf Mosaic disease symptoms
Maize dwarf Mosaic disease in maize can occur during whole growth period, the early onset of symptoms in young leaves, there are irregular, light green or dark green point or patches, along with the illness is aggravating, the blade will patches Mosaic shaped, slowly along the veins will appear with narrow stripes, generally evident on the new leaves, as chlorophyll decreased, the leaves become yellow, leaf tissue can harden, very crisp, ten percent off.Also some blades can be started from the tip, leaf edge, with purple stripes appear, finally dry up and die.Early signs have different degree of dwarf plant disease, the disease will be heavy, so late is relatively light not even dwarf, but early infection can lead to maize seedling root rot and appear dead plants.In most cases, the incidence of plant male spike is not developed, branch less, grain size, grain little and abortive thin, bald tip phenomenon, even some fundamental it yielded no fruit.
Maize dwarf Mosaic disease characteristics
Maize dwarf Mosaic disease is caused by viruses, natural conditions, transmitted by aphids, except for corn can also infect sorghum, millet, broom corn millet some weeds and so on can be a host.Other mainly comes from the seeds and some weeds in winter, the spread of aphids suck leaf juice, seeds have poison effect.If poor disease-resistant varieties, other widely, number of aphids, such as weak seedling growing conditions it will increase the dwarf Mosaic disease.After beginning of spring, after overwintering aphids recovery or hibernating egg hatching nymphs, feeding on the new belt DuZaCao leaves for aphids and the poison.Winged aphid moved to fly to the spread of the virus to the spring corn and weeds, later in the spring, summer corn and harm, cause disease epidemic.After the summer corn harvest, aphids and back to lay eggs or to larva wintering on weed.Occurrence of maize dwarf Mosaic disease epidemic and climate conditions, planting, variety, soil and other factors.6 ~ 7 month journey is aphids peak, large amount of aphid, cause disease epidemic, this period if the weather is dry, is not conducive to corn growth and development, but it is conducive to aphids and breeding, moving, virus disease occurrence.Early and late time of spring corn and summer corn, corn seedling stage during the peak before and after the field aphids migration, will expand the infection and cause serious disease.
Maize dwarf Mosaic disease prevention and control measures
1, planting resistant varieties
Corn varieties on corn growth, yield and quality has a direct impact, good variety not only has the production advantage in production, and also has a strong ability in resistance, so for maize dwarf Mosaic disease prevention, select disease-resistant varieties is an important link.When seed selection should combine the local mode of production, the condition of natural conditions, climate factors, such as integrated choose high yield, high disease resistance, lodging resistance varieties, excellent quality, this is one of the most economic, most effective preventive measures.For breeding work to actively organize resistance for the development of new hybrid, eliminate cultivars, make more excellent disease-resistant varieties used in production practice.
2, adjust the planting ways
Planting mode has a great influence for the occurrence of the disease, in many areas, USES the interplanting way such as wheat, maize interplanting maize interplanting earlier sowing date, in areas where some areas late sowing date, basically spring corn and corn interplanting early serious disease happens, the late maize interplanting is relatively less morbidity, the onset of summer maize are least likely to live.General spring maize planting time take the mulching film, best can early emergence, corn so early emergence of maize growing as soon as possible, avoid journey aphids, reduce virus infection may, at the same time have aphid displacement effect, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.Mulch for ground temperature increase has great advantages, good for maize root development, make the maize growth period, accelerate growth, have the effect of strong seedling, relative to open, can effectively reduce the incidence of a disease.
