Phylloxera hazards
Main harm roots phylloxera, can also harm blades.European grape only roots were killed, and American grapes and wild grape root and leaf can be killed.Fibrous root were killed after the swelling, formation water chestnut or bird heads nodule, bugs in the side of the sag more (not nodule inside and outside).Lateral root and root were killed after the joint form of tumor formation, insect many gaps in the tumor.Nutrient stabbed suction and suffer due to the root, the root function weakened, water and nutrient absorption, transmission and stab wounds after absorption, causing root microbial reproduction and intrusion, killed killed root rot, and thus seriously damage the root system to absorb water and nutrients, transportation, caused by the weak trees, affect germination, flower bud formation, blossom, serious when can cause plant death.Blade killed, after forming galls on the underside of the leaves (opening in blade positive), hinder the normal growth and photosynthesis leaf.Phylloxera harm root, root of decay and death, is the cause of its devastating damage.
Phylloxera route of transmission
The worm mainly takes root and spread of grape seedling dispatching.But the full life cycle of the region, branches often attached overwintering eggs, such as using branches such as cutting, can spread the bug.The worm can spread along with the packing materials, the introduction of PuTaoMiao, cutting, nursery stock, cutting to strict inspection, not only means of delivery and packaging are also want to check.When you check, you should pay attention to the seedling leaves presence of gall, root (especially fibril) presence of nodule, the root of the leather sewing and other gap with or without eggs.In the field inspection, if found the murder of suspicious strains (tree potential significant weakness, yellow leaves, fallen leaves in advance, the decline in output, or whole plant of water), be careful to near the earth, with fibrous root, check whether there is any murder on the roots of nodules and aphids, especially fibril murder after the formation of the diamond (or bird heads) nodules, was found to be more easily.
Phylloxera prevention strategies
Phylloxera is destructive pests on grapes.According to 100 years of experience in prevention and cure in the world, the authors suggest phylloxera prevention in our country, on the basis of full understanding of the distribution, should adopt different control strategies:
(1) in sporadic to cut grapes, combined with the control, resolutely eliminate.
(2) for a widely distributed areas (area), can take to gradually eliminate, or strategy of comprehensive measures to control hazards.But.Whether to adopt the strategy of strict quarantine, disinfection sinotrans prohibit nursery stock, transportation, is the basis for the prevention and treatment of phylloxera.
(3) if the widely distributed, eliminate costs are very expensive, sometimes the government and the farmers don't have the ability to bear.If this gradual elimination strategy: the first to use drug control population density, and then in a planned way step by step cut grapes, cleared other crops.Don't grape growing plants.If grape growing again in this area, should choose no kind of grapes, and before a certain distance with epidemic area land plots.
(4) the epidemic area of comprehensive measures.All with resistant rootstock grafting seedling planting, use according to the laws of aboveground pest control (winged aphid, aphis, gall, etc.) and the prevention and control of underground department (nodule) aphids, combining prevention and control of cultural practices, such as water, etc.), sand, etc.Can be chosen for control, phoxim, abamectin, chloropicrin, hexachlorobutadiene processing, such as soil.
(5) to the affected area, quarantine, not from the epidemic area dispatching seedlings, seedling treatment and disinfection, planting the root seedlings and other measures to prevent the descendants phylloxera and happen.
