A disease, young garlic shoot storage period
(1) of grey mould of
1. Symptoms of moss sought the most susceptible, and failure of organization gives birth to white thin layer mould, then to bracts, disease of pale yellow stain shape, densely white to grey mildew layer.Moss stem base and other injured or diseased parts also vulnerable, early disease spot along the moss longitudinal are elongated, hazel, sag, the late disease spot, by base up rotting, or in other parts of the decay breaks formation, and white to grey mildew layer.Has a strong mildew flavour.
2. Laws caused by the disease caused by a fungus infection, bacteria growth optimum temperature for 15 ~ 21 ℃, the relative humidity above 95%, especially the presence of water under the condition of bacteria spore germination rate is high.Bacteria is mainly composed of young garlic shoot into, from the field inside storeroom remaining germs and disease also have a certain relationship.Pathogenic bacteria from more young garlic shoot at both ends or other lesion site infection and injury.
Young garlic shoot appropriate storage temperature 0 ℃.But around 0 ℃ low temperature, there are still certain activity ability bacteria.If the temperature on the high side, is not only beneficial to pathogen infection and reproduction, and accelerate the moss bract and moss stem base shrinking ageing, reduce the disease resistance, accelerate disease progression.
In the relative humidity of 90% ~ 100% of controlled atmosphere storage, withered moss tip in wet state, especially after being dew infiltrates more easily rot disease.
Under the condition of high oxygen disease severity, oxygen concentration 3% ~ 5% is more than 6.5% can better inhibit mildew.
(2) the virus disease
1. Symptoms in young garlic shoot form yellow spots or elongated along the moss longitudinal are yellow stripes, also called works, macular, etc.To young garlic shoot some more, lower near the moss bract department is less.As the storage duration, macular tissue sag, necrosis, infection of mold and rot.
2. Regularly young garlic shoot Mosaic virus virus disease is mainly composed of garlic and garlic latent virus 2 or more complex infection.The garlic Mosaic virus infection alone can make the garlic produces obvious stripe Mosaic symptoms.Garlic Mosaic virus transmission through kinds of garlic transgenerational, field is mainly transmitted by aphids non-persistent.Virus proliferation is not limited to the ground in plant body of leaves, stems and young garlic shoot, but also to the underground bulbs metastases, spreading.Garlic growing season high temperature and drought, poor management, aphids generates large and allium host plant continuous cropping or adjacent as the heavy disease.
Ill young garlic shoot all by the field, in spite of in the middle and later periods of the storage macular sag, necrosis and decay.Precooling not in time, the rapid development of storage condition under the high temperature condition.
(3) co2 damage and low oxygen damage
1. Symptoms of carbon dioxide and small yellow spots on garlic stem, and then expanded to round or irregular disease spot, sag, and then the garlic stalks into soft article with particular shape, commonly known as boiled young garlic shoot, moss bract necrosis.Concave spot often even piece, when an infected decay breaks formation, bags have a strong smell of alcohol.Hypoxic damage mainly for moss bract fade white or yellow, moss stems green, dark, soft tip, slight water loss.
2. The agent is not suitable for carbon dioxide in either high or low oxygen conditions caused by.General storage environment carbon dioxide concentrations of more than 10% ~ 15% damage will occur.Killed the young garlic shoot before not quite disease, to increase the permeability of the tissue cells, cause physiological disorders.With the extension of storage period, the young garlic shoot to carbon dioxide's endurance is abate, middle and later periods of the storage of vulnerable.Hypoxic damage under the condition of oxygen content less than 1% for a long time.
(4) the garlic dry rot
1. The symptoms of the same base, yellowish-brown gradually drying shrinkage, can produce orange red mildew disease department layer.
2. The occurrence regularity of garlic dry rot is a fungal disease.Bacteria growth optimum temperature for 25 to 28 ℃, the onset of optimum temperature for 28 ~ 32 ℃.
Bacteria with garlic put in storage, these germs garlic rot during storage.base of stem and root of the wound to the invasion of the bacteria.The garlic harvest near the end of the heaviest soil heat disease.Storage period the temperature around 28 ℃, the garlic is the most perishable, and 8 ℃ is very light.
(5) young garlic shoot macular disease
Young garlic shoot stem appear yellow spot in the field, called macular disease;Young garlic shoot in 3 ~ 4 months after storage cold storage, macular dent, gradually decay.So how to prevent young garlic shoot macular disease disease?Young garlic shoot under the condition of low temperature storage, silicon window, 4 months later the young garlic shoot stem base due to physiological aging, germs, easy from cut harvested, began to appear grey discoloration, after spreading upwards, then rot, five months after decay rate can reach 10% ~ 20%.Especially moss tip is susceptible, warehousing 3 months onset, primary grey mildew spot, gradually expanded, a joint of mutual infections between young garlic shoot tip, strain rate was 50% ~ 80% after 4 months, not only affect the appearance of the young garlic shoot and taste, at the same time cause serious damage.
